Decode a2V5c3RvbmU= from Base64

Decoded result: keystone

Word Visualization: keystone

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Decoding Process: a2V5c3RvbmU= to keystone

About the '=' Padding

The '=' at the end of "a2V5c3RvbmU=" is padding. Base64 encoding requires the input length to be divisible by 4. When it's not, '=' characters are added as padding. These padding characters are represented as '000000' in binary but are not used in the final decoded output.

Step 1: Map Base64 Characters to Binary

Base64 Character	Binary Value	Decimal Value
a	011010	26
2	110110	54
V	010101	21
5	111001	57
c	011100	28
3	110111	55
R	010001	17
v	101111	47
b	011011	27
m	100110	38
U	010100	20
=	padding (000000)	-

Step 2: Group Bits into Bytes

The binary string is grouped into 8-bit chunks (1 byte each):

01101011 01100101 01111001 01110011 01110100 01101111 01101110 01100101 00

Step 3: Convert Binary to ASCII

Binary Value	ASCII Character
01101011	k
01100101	e
01111001	y
01110011	s
01110100	t
01101111	o
01101110	n
01100101	e
00

When combined, these characters form the decoded string: "keystone"

Word Statistics: keystone

General Statistics

Length: 8 characters
Vowels: 3
Consonants: 5

Letter Frequency

Letter	Frequency
k	1
e	2
y	1
s	1
t	1
o	1
n	1

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